Denied CTP claim in Shalvey: the review path

Insurers make decisions under the scheme rules: whether to accept a claim, how much to pay, which benefits to approve, whether an injury is threshold. Most of them can be challenged. The first step is an internal review, which you generally need to request within 28 days of the decision reaching you. If that doesn't resolve it, the Personal Injury Commission can decide.

The reasons vary, but some patterns are familiar. If you were driving for work, the insurer may say workers compensation comes first. If the claim was more than 3 months late, it may say your explanation isn't enough. If the evidence shows only soft tissue injury, it may classify it as threshold. Knowing the reason tells you what evidence to gather.

• The claim was lodged late
• The injury was classed as a threshold injury
• Weekly payments were stopped or reduced
• Your pre-accident earnings were set lower than you expected

An internal review is a fresh look at the decision by the insurer. Ask in writing, generally within 28 days of receiving the decision. Say which decision you disagree with, why you think it's wrong and what outcome you want. Attach anything new: an updated report, payslips, photos or witness details.

Don't wait until the last days of the window to start. Reports and records can take time to arrive, and a rushed request is usually weaker. If some evidence won't be ready in time, lodge the request within the deadline anyway and tell the insurer what else is on its way.

Disputes about injuries often come down to evidence. If the insurer says your injury is threshold, or that treatment and care isn't reasonable and necessary, the answer is usually a clear written report that deals with the insurer's reasons. If the dispute reaches medical assessment at the Commission, a certificate review must generally be sought within 28 days of issue.

If an internal review doesn't resolve your dispute, the Personal Injury Commission is generally the next step. It's independent of the insurer. Depending on the dispute, a member may review the decision on its merits, a medical assessor may assess your injury, or the Commission may assess a damages claim. The type of dispute decides which path applies.

It helps to keep a dispute and a complaint apart. If the problem is the outcome, use internal review and then the Personal Injury Commission. If the problem is the way the insurer is handling your claim, the Independent Review Office can take a complaint. Sometimes both apply, and it's fine to use each path for a different part of the problem.

Because some disputes don't allow legal costs to be recovered, it's worth asking early whether paying for help makes sense in yours. For a straightforward review, you may manage alone with good evidence. For a threshold dispute that affects a damages claim, or a refusal of the whole claim, advice is more often worth it.